Introduction
Gurgaon is the sixth largest city in the Indian state of Haryana. Gurgaon is the industrial and financial center of Haryana. It is located 30 km south of national capital New Delhi, about 10 kilometers from Dwarka Sub City and 268 km south of Chandigarh, the state capital. An important town in ancient Hindu mythology[citation needed], Gurgaon is one of Delhi's four major satellite cities and is part of the National Capital Region of India. According to a survey by Business Today magazine, Gurgaon is considered the best city in India to work and live in.
Gurgaon is also the only Indian city to have successfully distributed electricity connections to all its households. However, because of its heavy vehicular traffic and inefficient public transportation apart from the Delhi Metro, Gurgaon ranks 11 amongst Indian cities on the "Life after Work" index of Business Today. Gurgaon has the 3rd highest per capita income in India after Chandigarh and Mumbai.
Over the past 25 years the city has undergone rapid development and construction. A wave of multinational companies choose to locate their operations in Gurgaon after GE did so in 1997. Big companies like Airtel, American Express, EXL, IBM, Microsoft, Sapient, DLF, Maruti Suzuki, Hero Honda, Infosys, Ericsson, Oracle, Bank of America, American Airlines, The Coca-Cola Company, Nokia, etc. have made Gurgaon the call centre capital of India and an important financial center.

History
It is believed that the city of Gurgaon by Drona on land given to him by Dhritarashtra, the king of Hastinapur in recognition of his teachings of martial arts to the princes, and the 'Dronacharya Tank', still exists within the Gurgaon city, along with a village called Gurgaon.
Gurgaon has been under the control of a succession of rulers appointed by the ruling power in Delhi including Yaduvanshi - Rajputs, Muslims, Marathas in this order. For a few years Farrukhnagar was taken from the Muslim Nawab and Ghasera from the BadGoojar Rajput Rao Bahadur Singh of Ghasera by Raja Surajmal of Bharatpur Kingdom in 1753 and held till 1763. Rewari was under Khoro clan Ahir rulers. During the Medieval period, Gurgaon was ruled by Muslim rulers. Later, the East India Company took control of Gurgaon through a treaty signed by Surji Arjungaon in the end of the year 1803 CE. By the mid nineteenth century Gurgaon was part of the princely protectorate of Pataudi which is a part of Gurgaon district today. The British integrated Gurgaon into the Punjab Province where it served as district and tehsil headquarters. After India's independence, Gurgaon continued to be a part of the state of Punjab until 1966 when Haryana was formed a separate state.
Gurgaon remained a small farming village while neighbouring Delhi emerged as India's political capital. Delhi's economic rise attracted a large influx of labourers from neighboring regions like Rajasthan, Orissa and Bihar rapidly increasing Delhi's population.[10] By early 1990s, Delhi was one of the most populous and crowded cities in the world and the need for a satellite city became more apparent. Gurgaon seemed like an ideal choice given its vast undeveloped farming lands and proximity to Delhi. Haryana Urban Development Authority bought large areas of land from farmers in Gurgaon and developed residential and commercial sectors.

Etymology
The origin of the city's name is steeped in Hindu mythology. Legend has it that Gurgaon is the ancestral village of Guru Dronacharya, the teacher of the Pandavas and Kauravas in the Indian epic, the Mahabharata. In Sanskrit, Guru means teacher, which in this case refers to Dronacharya and both Gram and Gaon mean village. According to Hindu mythology, the village was gifted by the Pandavas and Kauravas to Dronacharya the son of Rishi Bhardwaj, and was therefore known as guru-gram. Over time the colloquial term gaon (which also means village in Prakrit) was substituted for gram and the name Gurgaon emerged.

Geography and climate
Gurgaon district comprises five blocks: Badshahpur, Pataudi, Sohna, Gurgaon and Farrukhnagar. On its north, it is bounded by the district of Jhajjar and Delhi. Faridabad district lies to its east. On its south, the district shares boundaries with the district of Mewat. To its west lies the district of Rewari and the Rajasthan state. Gurgaon city is situated at the northern edge of Aravali mountain ranges. The length of the district is about 21 km (13 mi) and the breadth is 27 km (17 miles).
The Sultanpur National Park located about 15 km from the centre of the city is a protected migratory bird sanctuary for the Sarus Crane, Indian Peafowl, Eurasian Wigeon and other birds.

Demographics
Gurgaon's district population has increased from some 870,539 in census 2001 to 1,514,085 in census 2011.In the 2001 census, Males constitutd 54% of the population and females 46%. Gurgaon has an average literacy rate of 77%, higher than the national average of 65.38%: male literacy is 81%, and female literacy is 73%. In Gurgaon, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Problems of Gurgaon
* No public transport Infrastructure.
* Bad roads.
* Cars being stolen in every 4 hours.
* Water scarcity.
* Power cuts.
* Dust, dirt and pollution

Industry
Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor Development Corporation Limited (DMICDC), the special purpose vehicle (SPV) floated by the government of India for implementing the DMIC projects, had appointed the consultant for undertaking a study on the master plan for the Manesar-Bawal Investment Region (MBIR) and undertaking pre-feasibility studies for two early bird projects.Haryana government had identified four Early Bird Projects to be implemented as a pilot initiative within the DMIC region, which includes Mass Rapid Transportation System between Gurgaon-Manesar-Bawal, exhibition-cum-convention centre, integrated multi-modal logistics hub and new passenger rail link.[67] The first phase of the project is likely to be completed by 2012 with an estimated $90 billion ( Rs 4,23,000 crore) to be invested to develop infrastructure in the investment regions.

IMT Manesar
HSIDC has acquired 1,736 acres (7.03 km2) land at Manesar to set up the industrial Model Township in 2006. After taking over the possession of the land, HSIDC has allotted about 110 acres (0.45 km2) land to vendors of MUL, Gurgaon and others in sector-3.

The IMT Manesar is located at 28 22'north latitudes and 76 57' east longitudes. The IMT is situated on the National Highway No.8 known as Delhi-Jaipur highway and is extremely well-connected to Delhi.
The international airport is just 32 km away, while Connaught Place is 45 km. It takes about an hour and a half to reach Connaught Place. Besides the location, the other attractive feature of Manesar is that it has the best infrastructure and is far ahead of other industrial townships in this respect.
The infrastructure is in place and operational and internationally known companies like Agilent Technologies, Honda, Denso, Norcool, Mitsubishi Electricals, Videocon, Motorola, Samsung, Frigo Glass, Alcatel-Lucent India Ltd, Johnson Matthey (India) Pvt Ltd, Orange Business Services, Baxter India and the prestigious Automobile Research Association of India are already operational here.

Shopping
The industrial area of Gurgaon is replete with shopping malls. These malls cater to the desires of the growing middle-and-upper-class. There are over 40 malls in Gurgaon city. Notable amongst them are the Ambience Mall (near the Gurgaon-Delhi toll plaza), Sahara Mall, Metropolitan Mall, City Centre Mall and Plaza Mall (all on the MG Road, also known as the Mall Road). Newly opened Star Mall (on NH-8, near 32nd milestone) and Omaxe Mall (Sohna Road) are also drawing attention. In March 2008, the state administration mandated that all malls and shopping centers should be closed one day per week in order to conserve electricity and help traffic flow. Consequently, all malls and shopping centers are closed on Tuesday.

Hotels in Gurgaon
5-star hotels in Gurgaon are Crowne Plaza Hotel, Lemon Tree Hotels, Trident, Leela Kempinski, newly opened Westin at IFFCO Chowk and Marriott's Courtyard Hotel.